Process for the treatment of patent flat stock and low grade



I. P. SCHEI Max-d128, 1939.

I PROCESS FOR THE TREATMENT OF PATENT FLAT STOCK AND LOW GRADE 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Oct. 10, 1936 lvevPSchei l. P. SCHEI March 28, 1939.

PROCESS FOR THE TREATMENT OF PATENT FLAT STOCK AND LOW GRADE 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Oct. 10, 1956 l-vevQShei w. as, A ./.7 ,Y

Patented Mar. 28, 1939 I r W I. r

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE PROCESS FOR THE TREATMENT OF PATENT FLAT STOCK AND LOW GRADE Iver P. Schei, Fergus Falls, Minn. ApplicationOctober 10, 1936, Serial No. 105,124,

2 Claims. (01. 83-42) The object of my invention is to provide a devised a novel concave plate I3 which is pronovel flat stock reducer for the process or treatvided with adjustable and removably mounted ment of patent fiat stock and low-grade flat pintles I4 extending horizontally from the upper stock; to devise a novel arrangement of a end portions of the plate, as shown in Figs. 4

5 leather-covered roller and a novel leathercovand 5, for pivotally mounting the plate in the 5 ered concave plate cooperating with the roller and casing. Attached to the lower end of the plate freely suspended by pintles to provide a greatly I3 is a bar I8 connected to the hooked end of increased contact surface for effecting a gentle the rod I 9, which is mounted on a suitable pulling action on the product as it passes through bracket 22 and maintained in the desired adthe machine; to devise a new addition to milling justed position by means of a coil spring 20 and 10 by a machine such as I have devised; and to prothumb nut 2|. The function of this device is to vide various details of improvement in connection regulate the distance of the leather-covered surwith the structure of the machine. face of the concave plate I3 from the leather It is also an object of my invention to provide surface ID of the roller 9. The concave surface a machine which will leave the fiour particles of plate I3 is about to 5%" of an inch spaced round and sharp instead of soft and will leave from the surface of roller 9 when the machine the delicate and essential flour cells intact, and is in operation. to give better action in dough fermentation The plate I3 is recessed as shown to receive the through uninjured cells, thereby producing a betstrips of leather (or other flexible, non-metallic ter loaf of bread; which will increase profits composition) I6 of suitable thickness, preferably 0 through increased patent production from three to 1 inch in thickness. Any suitable number to ten per cent, or 6 per barrel in the average of screws or bolts II may be provided to secure mill, the leather covering IE] to the surface of the I attain these and other objects of my invenmetal roller 9. A leather (or other non-metallic tion by the mechanism illustrated in the accomcomposition) It is dovetailed into the casting, as 25 panying drawings, in which shown in the drawings as this is necessary to hold Figure 1 is a vertical section through my mathe upper edge of the leather, the dovetailing tochine. gether with the bolts holding it from slipping Fig. 2 is a transverse section through the roller away from the dovetailed portion of plate I3. and plate; Roller 9, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, is substan- 30 Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the roller, a portion tially hollow. By using the bolts I I which do not of the shaft 1 being broken away for lack of project clear through theleather covering I II, I

space; avoid any hard projections on its surface such as Fig. 4 is a front elevation of the plate I3 derivets or bolts to injure the leather or compositached from the machine. tion of the concave strip I 6. 35 Fig. 5 is an end elevation of plate I3 and mem- The mode of operation or process of this re ber l6; and ducer is that instead of churning the flour and Fig.6 is an end elevation of roller 9 and shaft 1. thereby pulverizing it, this machine gently pulls Like numerals designate like parts in each of or combs the flour from the fiber, and thereby 40 th views, it is able to produce a round and sharp granula- 40 Referring to the accompanying drawings, I tion, so much so that the sharpness of the entire provide a casing I, having a suitable door 2. Caspatent stream may be noted. The chief element ing I has a feed hopper 3 at the top and a suitor idea backof this new reducer is that of leather able feed roller 4 in the path of the feed hopper. Working against leather under a concave system,

A suitable adjustable gate 5 regulated by suitable v ng 3 /2" f C p u i fl ur arryin 45 adjusting means 6 is arranged adjacent to feed less ash and more protein. The product passes roller 4 to allow the product to pass between it and between the leather-covered (or flexible compo the fee'd'roller as shown in Fig. 1. sition) surface I0 of roller 9 and the concave Spaced a suitable distance below roller 4, I arleather-covered (or flexible composition) surface range a shaft 1 on which is mounted a hub 8 N5 of plate I3. The double leather'covering II) of 50 carrying a substantially hollow roller 9 which the roller 9 and the leather lining I6 of plate I3 has a double. leather (or a suitable nonmetallic, have a tendency to hold fast to the woody fibers, flexible rubber or composition) covering I0 segiving the roller a chance to pull the flour off the cured to its surface by suitable means, as by bolts fibers. II and locknuts I2, as shown in Fig. 3. I have By using the novel concave plate I obtain a 55 greatly increased contact or operating surface over that obtained by two rollers, thereby eliminating need of heavy contact, with resultant friction, and therefore do not require one-tenth of the power that rollers require to accomplish what the miller wants and needs.

The plate I3 is not held rigid, but has support, for steadying purposes, to keep it from bobbing back and forth. This support comes in the form of the bar I8 or rod I9 adjusted by spring 20 and nut 2I, whereby the lower end of the plate I3 and its covering I6 is gently pressed toward the roller, the theory being that the smaller the feed volume passing through, the more this portion of the machine will have to press up.

It will be noted that a portion II of the plate I3 overlaps the upper edge of the leather or composition concave strip I6. The reason for this is to overcome an electric are set up by the movement of the roller. If the leather extended higher up, the arc would cross from one covering or composition to the other too early and thus check the feed flow on its way down to the pulling point.

In using this machine to treat the product known as fiat patent stock the method. of operation above described is followed. The most desirable point of installation for the treatment of patent flat stock is on the last middling. It may be used on flat stock such as that which passes through the last. flour cloth of the bottom seive of the sifter by using No. 3 cloth. It will work nicely on stock from smooth rolls used in reducing No. l and No. 2 middlings, after it leaves -the rolls and before reaching the reel or sifter. It will increase the bolting capacity. In any mill where the system includes taking stock off a No. 8 cloth, where the product going through it is flat, treatment by this machine will be found desirable as well as profitable. It should be noted that you can always use a cloth about one number coarser by the use of this machine than in the use of any other or rolls. The stream is not sent through a reel afterward but continues on its present regular course tothe sifters. It

merely replaces any other machine now being used, with the following advantages: Where machines of the prior art do more or less grinding or churning and thereby pulverizing the flour and reduce the quality of the flour by injuring the fiour cells, my machine confines its operations to pulling and thus preserving, through leaving the flour cells undisturbed, the highest possible quality in the flour. These uninjured flour cells enter into a more nearly correct action of the dough in fermentation. Moreover, this machine nearly doubles the bolting capacity of any other machine now being used for the same purpose.

In using this machine to treat the product known as low grade, that is, the material between the regular flour and the shorts, I take the product and pass it through the machine, then through a revolving reel, and extract a very satisfactory flour from it that will enter into what is called first clear, which means the third grade of flour. I have obtained laboratory tests from that operation which showed a better flour with a difference of three fractions in ash and 1 points in protein. The protein'is a helper for a larger loaf and three fractions less of ash helps the color and indicates a flour of higher quality than that from the previous reduction.

I do not claim to do away with the roller mill. I am using this machine for removing fibers from the product, so that it can more easily pass through the silk meshes, and tail off the impurities. In milling we have to look out that we do not get too much of what is called ash into the flour. By using this machine I have less ash after my operation than inthe stream ahead of my machine that I am taking my supply from; and comparing those two flours, my machine obtains a more desirable proportion of ash and protein.

This application is a continuation in part of my application Serial No. 749,999, filed October 25, 1934, which has since become abandoned.

What I claim is:

1. A process for the treatment of what is known in milling as patent fiat stock and low grade, comprising feeding the fiat stock and loW grade in regulated quantities between coacting moving and stationary leather covered surfaces, and applying controlled pressure to the flat stock and low grade while moving between said surfaces to efiect a mild and pulverizing action on the woody fibers of the wheat, to separate said fibers and the flour particles ready for the reel.

2. A process for the treatment of what is known in milling as patent fiat stock and low grade, comprising feedingsaid wheat products by gravity in regulated quantities between coacting moving and stationary non-metallic surfaces, and applying a sufficiently limited degree of regulated pressure to the flat stock and low grade while moving between said surfaces to effeet a mild and non-pulverizing action to gently pull the flour of the fibers from the flour particles and leave the flour cells intact, as described in the aforegoing specification.

IVER P. SCHEI. 

